The UPSC Commerce Optional Paper is one of the most popular choices for aspirants with a background in commerce and accountancy. The 2024 UPSC Commerce Optional question paper threw a few curveballs, but with the right strategy and understanding of …
Money multiplier is a term in monetary Economics that is a phenomenon of creating money in the economy in the form of credit creation, based on the fractional reserve banking system. Money multiplier is also known as the monetary multiplier. …
Open Market Operations refers to buying and selling of bonds issued by the Government in the open market. This purchase and sale is entrusted to the Central bank on behalf of the Government. When RBI buys a Government bond in …
Income, or output, or profits are concepts that make sense only when a time period is specified. These are called flows because they occur in a period of time. Therefore we need to delineate a time period to get a …
A repurchase agreement (repo) is a form of short-term borrowing for dealers in government securities. In the case of a repo, a dealer sells government securities to investors , usually on an overnight basis, and buys them back the following …
Net national product (NNP) is the monetary value of finished goods and services produced by a country’s citizens, overseas and domestically, in a given period. It is the equivalent of gross national product (GNP), the total value of a nation’s …
A reverse repurchase agreement, or “reverse repo”, is the purchase of securities with the agreement to sell them at a higher price at a specific future date. For the party selling the security (and agreeing to repurchase it in the …
National Disposable Income = Net National Product at market prices + Other current transfers from the rest of the world The idea behind National Disposable Income is that it gives an idea of what is the maximum amount of goods …
Real gross domestic product (GDP) is an inflation-adjusted measure that reflects the value of all goods and services produced by an economy in a given year (expressed in base-year prices) and is often referred to as constant-price GDP, inflation-corrected GDP, …
Nominal Gross Domestic Product is GDP evaluated at present market prices. GDP is the financial equivalent of all the complete products and services generated within a nation’s in a definite time. Nominal varies from real GDP, and it incorporates changes …