Cranny, Smith, and Stone (1992) define job satisfaction as “an affective (that is, emotional) reaction to a job that results from the incumbent’s comparison of actual outcomes with those that are desired (expected, deserved, and so on)” It is a …
The most important resource of an organization is it’s people. Barnard (1938) stressed that motivating participants to continue to make contributions is one of the most important activities of management. Simon built Barnard’s observations into the Barnard-Simon theory of organizational …
Modern business firm as a group of individuals who are engaged in the decision-making process relating to its internal structure having multiple goals. They deal not only with the internal organisation of the firm but also with the problem of …
Rational Thinking (or thinking of Rational Man) Rational man is best decision maker and consistent. However s/he rly on some assumptions. Bounded Rationality Rationality of man is bounded by certain limitations. Given by Herbert Simon. Real situations people take decisions …
Goal distortion is an extreme form of goal displacement. It implies misunderstanding or misapplication of organisational goals. In an organisation, there may be several cases of goal distortions particularly when the official goals are transformed into the operating goals. https://youtu.be/TTPAJSGDNLY …
Goal succession refers to the situation where the new or modified goals are incorporated or substituted for the existing one in such a manner that they do not change the spirit of the existing goals. The new goals are such …
Goal displacement means moving away from the intended goal. When organisations over-emphasise the rules and regulations to achieve the goals, members start placing so much importance to the rules that the rules become an end rather than means to achieve …